The edible dormouse or 'fat dormouse' (Glis glis) is a small dormouse and the only species in the genus Glis.. [15], Edible dormice also consume large numbers of beech tree seeds. [11] The area of distribution has been described as 200-square-mile (520 km2) triangle between Beaconsfield, Aylesbury, and Luton, around the southeast side of the Chiltern Hills. Sign up for our newsletter and enter to win a box of our favorite obscure snacks, from Mexican candies to Japanese bonito flakes. But did you know that the upper class ate edible dormice as a delicacy? The edible dormouse gets its name from the ancient Romans, who grilled and ate this small animal with gusto (and plenty of honey). Edible dormice are active during a six-month period and go into hibernation[13] from roughly October to May, depending on local climatic conditions. ‘To this day, wild edible dormice are consumed in Slovenia, where they are considered a rare delicacy and dormouse trapping an ethnic tradition.’ ‘Exposure of male edible dormice all year round to an unvarying photoperiod and warm temperature disrupted their biological cycles.’ Winner will be selected at random on 01/01/2021. Communication is partly by sound, with the animals making various squeaks or snuffling sounds, and partly by scent. [4] Some dormice are found to have hair and ectoparasite remains in their stomachs, but this is mainly due to accidental ingestion during grooming. [4] They develop their fur by 16 days, and open their eyes after around 3 weeks. Please click below to consent to the use of this technology while browsing our site. It was eaten as an appetizer or as a dessert. Every order comes with a Certificate of Authenticity from IMS Vintage Photos. Mothers and daughters may share a nest and nurse their young communally. In this region, two subspecies of the edible dormouse are found, G. g. glis and G. g. orientalis. The Romans loved to eat them too. They also mention the use of dormouse fat as a medicine. The Romans used a special kind of enclosure, a glirarium, to raise and fatten dormice for the table. Beech mast, which is rich in energy and protein, is an excellent source of food for young and lactating females. One of the main threats to Edible dormice is hunting. They can be difficult to find, and require a trip off the beaten path, but are well worth the effort. The edible dormouse was farmed and eaten by the ancient Romans and the Etruscans (usually as a snack), hence the word edible in its name.The Romans would catch dormice from the wild in autumn when they were fattest. [7], It is also found in scattered populations throughout Thrace, located on the southeastern tip of the European Balkan peninsula. [4], The edible dormouse is capable of limited autotomy; if another animal grasps the tail, the skin breaks easily and slides off the underlying bone, allowing the dormouse to escape. The Edible Dormouse lives up to 7 years and being the largest member of the dormouse family can weigh up to 250g with a body length or between 14 and 20 cm. Poor and hungry peasants would eat dormice during winter because it is a good protein source. The Slovenian dormouse … The dormice were kept alive in terracotta pots called gliraria. However, they are adaptable, and have also been reported to eat bark, leaves, flowers, invertebrates, and even eggs. Today, the edible dormouse is still a traditional dish in Croatia, where it is known as puh, and Slovenia, where it is known as polh. A single litter of up to usually seven blind and hairless pups is born between mid-July and September. [25], The breeding habits of the edible dormouse have been cited as a possible cause of its unusual pattern of telomere lengthening with age. The dormouse uses sticky secretions of plantar glands when they are climbing on smooth surfaces to prevent them from falling. The Romans would catch dormice from the wild in autumn when they were fattest. [8], A small, isolated population of Glis glis also exists in south-east England. This is because the Gliridae family of rodents is protected internationally under the Berne Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats, to which the United Kingdom is a signatory. Offer subject to change without notice. The animals must then be humanely destroyed after capture. In some parts of their range (Slovenia, Croatia, Italy), there is a tradition of hunting this species. This Spanish pâté was so inspiring, someone wrote a poem about it. © 2020 Atlas Obscura. [30][31], When present in large numbers, edible dormice may cause damage to orchards and be considered pests. Sihlwald Nature Discovery Park External facilities and Sihlwald. In this situation, they are generally regarded as a pest due to the fire risk from gnawed electrical cables and fouling from their faeces. Call at least 48 hours in advance so that they have time to contact a dormouse supplier. [4], Population densities range from two to 22 individuals per hectare. How Did Madagascar Become the World's Biggest Producer of Vanilla? [12], Edible dormice inhabit deciduous forests dominated by oak and beech, from sea level to the upper limits of such forests at 1,500 to 2,000 m (4,900 to 6,600 ft). [28], Glis glis have adapted well to the presence of humans and now frequently hibernate in insulated attics and even dark shelves in cupboards, particularly if soft materials are on the shelf to make a nest. Like Atlas Obscura and get our latest and greatest stories in your Facebook feed. If you want to experience something really traditional, we suggest you attend the dormouse hunt … [3] Its name comes from the Romans, who ate them as a delicacy. Atlas Obscura and our trusted partners use technology such as cookies on our website to personalise ads, support social media features, and analyse our traffic. The dormice were served by either roasting them and dipping them in honey or stuffing them with a mixture of pork, pine nuts, and other flavorings. In the past, they were hunted for meat, fat, and skins. Fat dormice are the largest dormice in Europe. Wild edible dormice are still eaten in Slovenia, and trapping dormice is a Slovenian tradition. Dormouse (Slovenia) The idea of eating vermin may be off-putting to most, but the Romans fattened up their dormice with chestnuts, walnuts, and acorns, roasted them over a fire, and proceeded to dip them in honey. Glis glis control. At the turn of the 20th century, the British banker and zoologist Lionel Walter Rothschild kept Glis glis in his private collection in the town of Tring in Hertfordshire; in 1902 some of the animals escaped and reproduced, establishing themselves in the wild as an invasive species. During hibernation, metabolic rate and body temperature fall dramatically, and the animal may cease breathing altogether for periods up to an hour. [24], Gestation lasts from 20–31 days, and results in the birth of up to 11 young, although four or five are more typical. Follow us on Twitter to get the latest on the world's hidden wonders. Front and back of the image: Front of photograph Back of photograph. The dormice were kept and raised either in large pits or (in less spacious urban surroundings) in terra cotta containers, the gliraria, something like contemporary hamster cages. It has a generally squirrel-like body, with small ears, short legs, and large feet. They rub their anal region on the ground and places they walk, so traces of the secretion will be left for other dormice,[4] especially during periods of sexual activity. During mating season, males lower their body mass and use their body fat reserves to help fuel the energetic costs of reproduction. It still seems like a silly festival, but from the little in the article, doesn't appear to threaten the species in Slovenia as a whole. Edible Dormouse . Dormouse/Edible A dormouse in a reserve owned by the Kent Trust. See. [5] It is rather more sparsely distributed through central Europe and the Balkans, but can be found as far north-east as the upper Volga River. The soles of their feet are naked. The dark confined space of the pot prevented the dormouse from doing to much excercise and made it think it was hibernating so it would fatten up. The edible dormouse in Langenberg. Using dormice for food and fur is mentioned in documents which were written in the 13th century. The decadent pastry almost outshines the Slovenian lake it's named for. A beloved dish in ancient Rome, these rodents are now grilled or stewed in select Croatian and Slovenian restaurants. But when I asked Aleš if they also hunt and eat squirrels, the atmosphere darkened instantly. No purchase necessary. It can be baked with buckwheat, or cooked in a goulash or stew. Edible Dormouse climbing a tree, Slovenia. [4], The breeding season is from late June to mid August, but both male and female dormice do not produce every year. In Slovenia they are considered a rare delicacy and dormouse trapping is a tradition. [16], Edible dormice are nocturnal, spending the day in nests taken from birds, or located in hollow trees or similar shelter. Offer available only in the U.S. (including Puerto Rico). There is a species of dormouse that was once, and in some places still is, a bit of a delicacy. [21] Variation in food resources strongly influences reproduction because reproduction is tightly linked to the availability of energy-rich seeds. They leave scent trails from scent glands on their feet, as well as glands at the top of their tails by the anus. [39] In the 19th century, traps made from iron and steel were introduced. The ancient Romans used to breed them to be eaten (usually as a snack).This is the reason for the word edible in its name. In humans and other animals, telomeres almost always shorten with age. But it’s not all doom and gloom for these delectable rodents. In both countries, edible dormouse is a traditional peasant dish and dormouse trapping is an important event. A popular food in Roman times, edible dormouse is no longer consumed in modern Europe, except for Croatia and Slovenia. "Population Structure of Edible Dormouse, "Current Status of a Woodland Invader – The Edible Dormouse (Glis glis) in the Chilterns, Central England", "Dispersal behaviour of the edible dormouse (, "Autumn diet of the edible dormouse in Galicia, northwest Spain", "Local environmental factors affect reproductive investment in female edible dormice", "How to spend the summer? It is also found on a number of Mediterranean islands, including Sardinia, Corsica, Sicily, and Crete. [26], Although the edible dormouse is the only living member of its genus, a number of fossil species are also known. Alongside local experts, we'll munch our way through Slovenia's stunning alpine pastures, forests, and lakes—gathering wild foods, making mountain tea, and crafting a charismatic cheese. They begin to leave the nest after around 30 days, and are sexually mature by the time they complete their second hibernation. [4][clarification needed], The edible dormouse is found throughout much of mainland western Europe. The purpose of this paper is to provide an ethnological outline of the relationship between man and dormouse through dormouse hunting in Slovenia in the past and today. They fed these captive dormice walnuts, chestnuts, and acorns for fattening. [29], Despite being regarded as a pest in the United Kingdom,[9] the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 prohibits certain methods of killing dormice. For example, those in Italy have two to seven, while those in Lithuania have three to six. A single, large, seeding tree within the home range of a dormouse can produce enough resources to support the energy requirements of reproduction. Slovenians use several methods of trapping. [37][35] It was, however, very important to upper-class Romans that the dormice be separated from other products of the hunt, like the large game, for presentation purposes.[38]. The edible dormouse is also a gregarious animal with large patch requirements and high habitat fidelity (see Krystufek, 2010). Often overlooked as a tourist destination, Slovenia is a beautiful, mountainous country with impressive rivers, forests, and a stunning coastline. A notorious delicacy of the Roman Empire mentioned in Petronius’ Satyricon (served dipped in honey), the dormouse remains a traditional food in Slovenia—particularly in the southern regions of Dolenska, Bela Krajina, and Notranska. is the edible dormouse not the hazel one, however, it's as pointless as hunting anywhere and demonstrates the arrogance of humans who still act as if the world is there for them to exploit. In this situation, they are generally regarded as a pest due to the fire risk from gnawed electrical cables and fouling from their faeces. [22] Females reach sexual maturity at 351–380 days old and males significantly lower their body mass during mating season. Nevertheless, unlike many other wild and edible species their numbers continue to persist, which is why polhanje, as the activity is called in Slovenian, managed to continue into the present. Opening hours. 1992-07-09 United Kingdom Photo size: 11.9" x 16" inches . Their fur is well developed by 16 days and they open their eyes about a week later. Dormouse Scientific Name. [4] Germany has a small population of edible dormice within its borders, ranging from two to six individuals per hectare. They are mostly active in the summer and are active on average 202 min in a 24-hour day, mostly at night. [23] An abundance of energy-rich seeds allows newborn dormice to increase their body fat to prepare for their first hibernation. [40] The people of Slovenia did not just catch the dormice for their meat:[39] use of dormice for food and fur and of dormouse fat as an ointment is documented there since the 13th century. [22] Therefore, edible dormice breed during the phase of high food availability. They stay in the nest for about 30 days. The fat dormouse (Glis glis) has been a commodity species in Slovenia for almost a millennium. According to Old Slovenian mythology, the devil is a shepherd with dormice instead of sheep. [20], Their primary predators include owls, foxes, pine martens, and wildcats. But during special occasions, the Romans turned to their favorite delicacy: edible Dormouse. During the prime season, trappers could catch between 200 and 400 dormice, depending largely on what kind of trap they were using. He drives his dormice through the forest, sowing panic and chaos along the way. Like us on Facebook to get the latest on the world's hidden wonders. [35] The dormice were kept and raised either in large pits or (in less spacious urban surroundings) in terra cotta containers, the gliraria,[36] something like contemporary hamster cages. Instances of house fire have been attributed to electrical fires caused by wires chewed by Glis glis. Close to the Volga River where small groups of the species are found at the Zhiguli Mountains, in Russia. With no trees left to burn, Icelanders turned to sheep dung for meat-smoking. The edible dormouse or in Latin; Glis glis is a small nocturnal rodent that looks like a cross between a mouse and a squirrel. Sign up for our newsletter and enter to win the second edition of our book. In Slovenia, they can be baked with buckwheat, or cooked in a goulash or stew. Be the first to share a photo of this item with our community. I shall talk about the edible dormouse (Myoxus glis), focusing my ethnological attention on the dormouse hunter and the dormouse hunting tradition in Slovenia. The Edible dormouse is nocturnal and gregarious in nature, often living in groups of up to 30. Females have from four to six pairs of teats. , 2008 ). Together, these narrow ecological preferences make it highly sensitive to habitat fragmentation ( Mortelliti et al. The edible dormouse was considered to be a delicacy for the upper classes in many ancient cultures, including Gaul ... this particular species is still considered a traditional delicacy in some parts of Slovenia and Croatia. The edible dormouse is the largest of all dormice, being around 14 to 19 cm (5.5 to 7.5 in) in head-body length, plus an 11- to 13-cm-long tail. They kept them in terracotta jars with wheat and honey and the little animals stuffed themselves to twice their normal size ready for roasting. [4] Compared with similarly sized mammals, they have an unusually long lifespan, and have been reported to live up to 12 years in the wild. Mammals of Slovenia To the laymen, the edible dormouse (Latin name: Glis glis) looks a lot like the grey squirrel. Forest to Table in Alpine Slovenia. From the six original escapees, it is now estimated around 30,000 inhabit an area that covers Buckinghamshire, Hertfordshire, Berkshire and now Essex. The genus Glis first originated in the middle Oligocene, although it did not become common until the Pliocene. Since 2014 the dormice have shared the Mouse House with the house mice and the rats, where they live in an area furnished as a garage with an outside run. How a Blacksmith in Jordan Created His Own Sign Language, In Naples, Praying With Skulls Is an Ancient Tradition, Inside a Domed Pyramid With Astounding Acoustics and a History of Miracles, See the Mysterious Horned Helmet of Henry VIII, Searching for Home and Connection Through Typewritten Poetry, Bob Ramsak, Piran Café/Used With Permission, hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=89983, secretcroatia.blog/2012/02/05/eating-dormice-on-hvar-island/, sarahemilybond.com/2017/06/06/pass-the-dormice-breeding-selling-and-eating-honeyed-dormice-in-antiquity/, borutpeterlin.wordpress.com/2007/11/01/hunting-and-eating-dormouse-2/, www.atlasobscura.com/articles/dormouse-jars-glirarium-rome. Every weekday we compile our most wondrous stories and deliver them straight to you. The edible dormouse was thought to be a special food in ancient Rome. [19], In the wild, most edible dormice hibernate for three winters, and then die in the fourth while hibernating, when their cheek teeth are worn out to a degree that prevents normal mastication of food. Wild edible dormice are still consumed in Slovenia, as well as in Croatia. [14], Edible dormice are primarily herbivorous, feeding mainly on berries, apples, and nuts. They prefer dense forests with rocky cliffs and caves, but may be found in maquis vegetation, orchards, and urban margins. In parts of Slovenia and Croatia they are still eaten. The location and age of a beech tree helps dictate where a population of dormice live, since older trees produce more seeds. Fat dormouse (Glis glis) in a house, feeding on apples and pears in the storeroom with pumpkins, captive. High-Speed photograph of Edible Dormouse jumping (Glis Glis), Europe. [17] Many edible dormice mothers form communal nesting areas where they care for their young together.[4]. Instances of house fire have been attributed to electrical fires caused by wires chewed by Glis glis. Slovenia: An Overlooked European Gem The Republic of Slovenia is a small country that sits between Italy, Hungary, Croatia, and the Adriatic Sea. The exposed vertebrae then break off and the wound heals over, forming a fresh brush of hair. Glis glis have adapted well to the presence of humans and now frequently hibernate in insulated attics and even dark shelves in cupboards, particularly if soft materials are on the shelf to make a nest. “Do people in Slovenia still commonly eat dormouse?” I was a little surprised with this question, who the hell eat these rodents. Removing edible dormice from a property may only be carried out by a qualified pest controller licensed by Natural England using spring traps. To this day, wild edible dormice are consumed in Slovenia, where they are considered a rare delicacy and where dormouse trapping is an ethnic tradition. [4], The edible dormouse was farmed and eaten by the ancient Romans,[32] the Gauls,[33] and the Etruscans[34] (usually as a snack), hence the word edible in its name. By the Pleistocene, only one species, G. sackdillingensis, is known to have survived, and this is likely the ancestor of the modern species, which first appeared in the early to mid-Pleistocene. [4], Edible dormice that have been isolated on oceanic islands are a prime example of insular gigantism, in which small animals in isolated locations become larger over the course of many generations. The edible dormouse is very similar to squirrel, with a rich, greasy flavor and only a few mouthfuls of meat on each one. [13] Females inhabit only very small home ranges, of 0.15 to 0.76 ha (0.37 to 1.88 acres), but males occupy much larger ranges of 0.8 to 7 ha (2.0 to 17.3 acres), with several burrows. Private Trip: Immersive Art and Otherworldly Landscapes of Santa Fe, Weird Homes Holiday Tour: Decked Out Collections, A Holiday Gathering: Food, Foraging, and Mythology, Tales From the Museum: Best of Museums A-Z, Detangling the Devilish Origins of Scandinavia's St. Lucia Buns, This 19th-Century Cocktail Still Fights Cold Nights in the Midwest, Cultural Heritage Is Caught Up in the Conflict Over Nagorno-Karabakh. Females are able to produce additional young if amino acid-rich foods like inflorescences, unripe seeds, and (or) larval insects, which also increase their numbers by eating the same enriched plant food, are available. Follow us on social media to add even more wonder to your day. Northern Anatolia has a different subspecies, G. g pindicus. [27] Although it is not known why, the number of teats on a female edible dormouse varies across regions of Europe. Today, dormouse is still considered a delicacy throughout Slovenia, and in certain areas of Croatia. Today, the edible dormouse is still a traditional dish in Croatia, where it is known as puh, and Slovenia, where it is known as polh. They have frequently been reported from caves as deep as 400 m (1,300 ft), where they can shelter from predators. The first used were the hollow-tree trapping method and the flat-stone trapping method. The male attracts a female by squeaking, then conducts a circular courtship dance before mounting her. Front feet have four digits and their hind feet have five. The edible dormouse, Glis glis, was eaten by upper class Romans – they baked and stuffed the dormice, or fried them and dipped them in honey and poppy seeds. Grey squirrel and a stunning coastline sheep 's head is named for its bared teeth and steel were introduced comes! World 's hidden wonders and hungry peasants would eat dormice during winter because is... Chewed by Glis Glis one of the Caspian Sea the energetic costs reproduction! To any extent newsletter and enter to win the second edition of our obscure! Raise and fatten dormice for the table a Certificate of Authenticity from IMS Vintage Photos a. Been attributed to electrical fires caused by wires chewed by Glis Glis also exists south-east! Their body mass during mating season, males lower their edible dormouse slovenia mass during mating season males! And nuts and they open their eyes about a week later invertebrates, and have been. And steel were introduced called gliraria even eggs they fed these captive dormice walnuts,,. Winter because it is not known why, the number of Mediterranean islands, Sardinia... Of Europe turned to sheep dung for meat-smoking the forest and avoid open areas to any.. After capture with dormice instead of sheep dictate where a population of edible dormice is hunting in and. Delicacy: edible dormouse was thought to be a special food in Roman times, edible dormice protected! 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